WPF - 二維圖形

WPF 提供了廣泛的二維圖形，可以根據您的應用程式需求進行增強。WPF 支援繪圖和形狀物件，這些物件用於繪製圖形內容。

形狀和繪圖

• Shape 類派生自 FrameworkElement 類，Shape 物件可以在面板和大多數控制元件內使用。

• WPF 提供了一些基本的形狀物件，這些物件派生自 Shape 類，例如 Ellipse、Line、Path、Polygon、Polyline 和 Rectangle。

• 另一方面，繪圖物件不派生自 FrameworkElement 類，並提供更輕量級的實現。

• 與 Shape 物件相比，繪圖物件更簡單。它們也具有更好的效能特性。

示例

讓我們來看一個簡單的例子，瞭解如何使用不同的形狀物件。

• 建立一個名為 WPF2DGraphics 的新 WPF 專案。

• 以下程式碼建立了不同型別的形狀。

<Window x:Class = "WPF2DGraphics.MainWindow" 
   xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
   xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
   xmlns:d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
   xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
   xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF2DGraphics" 
   xmlns:PresentationOptions = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/present ation/options"  
   mc:Ignorable = "PresentationOptions" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "400" Width = "604"> 
	
   <StackPanel> 
      <Ellipse Width = "100" Height = "60" Name = "sample" Margin = "10"> 
         <Ellipse.Fill> 
            <RadialGradientBrush> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "0" Color = "AliceBlue"/> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "1" Color = "Gray"/> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "2" Color = "Red"/> 
            </RadialGradientBrush> 
         </Ellipse.Fill> 
      </Ellipse>
		
      <Path Stroke = "Red" StrokeThickness = "5" Data = "M 10,70 L 200,70"
         Height = "42.085" Stretch = "Fill" Margin = "140.598,0,146.581,0" /> 
      <Path Stroke = "BlueViolet" StrokeThickness = "5" Data = "M 20,100 A 100,56 42 1 0 200,10"
         Height = "81.316" Stretch = "Fill" Margin = "236.325,0,211.396,0" /> 
			
      <Path Fill = "LightCoral" Margin = "201.424,0,236.325,0"
         Stretch = "Fill" Height = "124.929"> 
         <Path.Data> 
            <PathGeometry> 
               <PathFigure StartPoint = "50,0" IsClosed = "True"> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "100,50"/> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "50,100"/> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "0,50"/> 
               </PathFigure> 
            </PathGeometry> 
         </Path.Data> 
      </Path> 
		
   </StackPanel> 
	
</Window> 

編譯並執行上述程式碼後，它將生成一個橢圓、一條直線、一條弧線和一個多邊形。

示例

讓我們再看一個示例，該示例演示如何使用繪圖來繪製區域。

• 建立一個名為 WPF2DGraphics1 的新 WPF 專案。

• 以下 XAML 程式碼顯示瞭如何使用影像繪製進行不同的繪製。

<Window x:Class = "WPF2DGraphics1.MainWindow" 
   xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
   xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
   xmlns:d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
   xmlns:PresentationOptions = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/present ation/options"  
   xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
   mc:Ignorable = "PresentationOptions" 
   xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF2DGraphics1" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "350" Width = "604"> 
	
   <Grid> 
      <Border BorderBrush = "Gray" BorderThickness = "1"  
         HorizontalAlignment = "Left" VerticalAlignment = "Top" 
         Margin = "20"> 
			
         <Image Stretch = "None">
            <Image.Source> 
               <DrawingImage PresentationOptions:Freeze = "True"> 
					
                  <DrawingImage.Drawing> 
                     <DrawingGroup> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "300,100,300,180" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "0,100,250,100" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "150,0,25,25" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "0,0,75,75" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                     </DrawingGroup> 
                  </DrawingImage.Drawing> 
						
               </DrawingImage> 
            </Image.Source> 
         </Image> 
			
      </Border> 
   </Grid> 
	
</Window> 

執行應用程式後，將生成以下輸出：

建議您執行上述程式碼並嘗試更多 2D 形狀和繪圖。