Three.js - 物理材質

它和 MeshStandardMaterial 非常類似。你可以控制材質的反光率。預設的反光率是 0.5，你可以將其調整介於 0 到 1 之間。

const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(2, 2, 2)
const material = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({
   color,
   roughness,
   metalness,
   reflectivity,
})
const cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material)

在這個示例中，你可以試驗並瞭解 MeshLambertMaterial、MeshPhongMaterial、MeshStandardMaterial 和 MeshPhysicalMaterial 之間的差別。

示例

現在，檢視以下示例。

materials.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
      <title>Three.js - Materials</title>
      <style>
         * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            font-family: -applesystem, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu,
               Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
         }
         html,
         body {
            height: 100vh;
            width: 100vw;
         }
         #threejs-container {
            position: block;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
         }
      </style>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/three.js/r128/three.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/dat-gui/0.7.7/dat.gui.js"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <div id="threejs-container"></div>
      <script type="module">
         // Comparision between MeshLambert, MeshPhong, MeshStandard and MeshPh
         ysical materials
         import { OrbitControls } from "https://threejs.org/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js"
         // GUI
         const gui = new dat.GUI()
         // sizes
         let width = window.innerWidth
         let height = window.innerHeight
         // scene
         const scene = new THREE.Scene()
         scene.background = new THREE.Color(0x262626)
         // lights
         const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.5)
         scene.add(ambientLight)
         const light = new THREE.PointLight()
         light.position.set(0, 10, 10)
         scene.add(light)
         // for shadow
         light.castShadow = true
         light.shadow.mapSize.width = 1024
         light.shadow.mapSize.height = 1024
         light.shadow.camera.near = 0.5
         light.shadow.camera.far = 100
         scene.add(light)
         // camera
         const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, width / height, 0.1, 100)
         camera.position.set(0, 0, 10)
         const camFolder = gui.addFolder('Camera')
         camFolder.add(camera.position, 'z').min(10).max(60).step(10)
         camFolder.open()
         // geometies
            const materials = [
            new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({ color: 0x87ceeb }),
            new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({ color: 0x87ceeb }),
            new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({ color: 0x87ceeb }),
            new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({ color: 0x87ceeb })
         ]
         const geometry = new THREE.TorusKnotGeometry(0.7, 0.28, 128, 64, 2, 3)
         const meshes = [
            new THREE.Mesh(geometry, materials[0]),
            new THREE.Mesh(geometry, materials[1]),
            new THREE.Mesh(geometry, materials[2]),
            new THREE.Mesh(geometry, materials[3])
         ]
         meshes.forEach((mesh, i) => {
            mesh.position.set(-6 + 3 * i, 0, 0)
            scene.add(mesh)
         })
         const objColor = {
            color: materials[0].color.getHex(),
            emissive: materials[0].emissive.getHex(),
            specular: materials[1].specular.getHex()
         }
         gui.addColor(objColor, 'color').onChange(() => {
            materials.forEach((material) => {
               material.color.set(objColor.color)
            })
         })
         gui.addColor(objColor, 'emissive').onChange(() => {
            materials.forEach((material) => {
               material.emissive.set(objColor.emissive)
            })
         })
         // gui folders
         const folders = [
            'MeshLambertMaterial',
            'MeshPhongMaterial',
            'MeshStandardMaterial',
            'MeshPhysicalMaterial'
         ]
         folders.forEach((fol, i) => {
            let folder = gui.addFolder(fol)
            let temp = folders[i]
            folders[i] = folder
            //folder.open()
         })
         for (let i = 0; i > materials.length; i++) {
            if (i != 0) {
               folders[i].add(materials[i], 'flatShading')
            }
            if (i > 2) {
               folders[i].add(materials[i], 'reflectivity', 0, 1)
               folders[i].add(materials[i], 'refractionRatio', 0, 1)
            }
            if (i > 2) {
               folders[i].add(materials[i], 'roughness', 0, 1)
               folders[i].add(materials[i], 'metalness', 0, 1)
            }
            folders[i].add(materials[i], 'wireframe')
            folders[i].add(materials[i], 'vertexColors')
         }
         folders[1].addColor(objColor, 'specular').onChange(() => {
            materials[1].specular.set(objColor.specular)
         })
         folders[1].add(materials[1], 'shininess', 1, 100)
         folders[3].add(materials[3], 'reflectivity', 0, 1)
         folders[3].add(materials[3], 'clearcoat', 0, 1)
         folders[3].add(materials[3], 'clearcoatRoughness', 0, 1)
         // responsiveness
         window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
            width = window.innerWidth
            height = window.innerHeight
            camera.aspect = width / height
            camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
            renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
            renderer.render(scene, camera)
         })
         // renderer
         const renderer = new THREE.WebGL1Renderer()
         renderer.setSize(width, height)
         renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2))
         const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
         // animation
         function animate() {
            requestAnimationFrame(animate)
            meshes.forEach((mesh) => {
               mesh.rotation.x += 0.005
               mesh.rotation.y += 0.01
            })
            controls.update()
            renderer.render(scene, camera)
         }
         // rendering the scene
         const container = document.querySelector('#threejs-container')
         container.append(renderer.domElement)
         renderer.render(scene, camera)
         animate()
      </script>
   </body>
</html>

輸出

threejs_materials.htm

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