Flex - 皮膚樣式

什麼是皮膚?

• 在 Flex 中，皮膚是一個完全自定義 UI 元件外觀和感覺的過程。

• 皮膚可以定義元件的文字、影像、濾鏡、過渡和狀態。

• 皮膚可以作為單獨的 mxml 或 ActionScript 元件建立。

• 使用皮膚，我們可以控制 UI 元件的所有視覺方面。

• 定義皮膚的過程對於所有 UI 元件都是相同的。

步驟 1 – 建立皮膚

使用選項**檔案 > 新建 > MXML 皮膚**啟動建立 MXML 皮膚嚮導。

將包輸入為**com.tutorialspoint.skin**，名稱為**GradientBackgroundSkin**，並將宿主元件選擇為現有的 Flex BorderContainer 控制元件**spark.component.BorderContainer**。

現在您已經為 BorderContainer 建立了一個皮膚。修改 mxml 皮膚檔案**src/com.tutorialspoint/skin/GradientBackgroundSkin.mxml**的內容。

按如下方式更新填充層：

<!-- fill -->
<s:Rect id = "backgroundRect" left = "0" right = "0" height = "100%" top = "0">
   <s:fill>
      <s:LinearGradient rotation = "90">
         <s:GradientEntry color = "0x888888" ratio = "0.2" />
         <s:GradientEntry color = "0x111111" ratio = "1" />
      </s:LinearGradient>
   </s:fill>
</s:Rect>	

步驟 2：應用皮膚

您可以透過兩種方式將皮膚應用到元件上：

在 MXML 指令碼中應用皮膚（靜態）

使用其**skinClass**屬性將**GradientBackgroundSkin**應用於 ID 為**mainContainer**的 BorderContainer。

<s:BorderContainer width = "560" height = "500" id = "mainContainer" 
   styleName = "container">
   <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" 
      horizontalAlign = "center" verticalAlign = "middle" 
      skinClass = "com.tutorialspoint.skin.GradientBackgroundSkin">

在 ActionScript 中應用皮膚（動態）

使用其**skinClass**屬性將**GradientBackgroundSkin**應用於 ID 為**mainContainer**的 BorderContainer。

protected function gradientBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
   mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", GradientBackgroundSkin);
}

Flex 皮膚樣式示例

讓我們按照以下步驟在一個 Flex 應用程式中實際檢視皮膚，方法是建立一個測試應用程式：

以下是 GradientBackgroundSkin.mxml 檔案**src/com/tutorialspoint/skin/GradientBackgroundSkin.mxml**的內容。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Skin xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009" 
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark" 
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx">
   
   <!-- host component -->
   <fx:Metadata>
      [HostComponent("spark.components.BorderContainer")]
   </fx:Metadata> 

   <!-- states -->
   <s:states>
      <s:State name = "disabled" />
      <s:State name = "disabled" />
      <s:State name = "normal" />
   </s:states>

   <!-- SkinParts
   name = contentGroup, type = spark.components.Group, required = false
   -->
   
   <!-- fill -->
   <s:Rect id = "backgroundRect" left = "0" right = "0" height = "100%" top = "0">
      <s:fill>
         <s:LinearGradient rotation = "90">
            <s:GradientEntry color = "0x111111" ratio = "0.2" />
            <s:GradientEntry color = "0x888888" ratio = "1" />
         </s:LinearGradient>
      </s:fill>
   </s:Rect>	
   
   <!-- must specify this for the host component --> 
   <s:Group id = "contentGroup" left = "0" right = "0" top = "0" bottom = "0" />
</s:Skin>

以下是修改後的 HelloWorld.mxml 檔案**filesrc/com/tutorialspoint/client/HelloWorld.mxml**的內容。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Application xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009"
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark"
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx"
   width = "100%" height = "100%" minWidth = "500" minHeight = "500"
   initialize = "application_initializeHandler(event)">

   <fx:Style source = "/com/tutorialspoint/client/Style.css" />
   <fx:Script>
      <![CDATA[
         import com.tutorialspoint.skin.GradientBackgroundSkin;
         import mx.controls.Alert;
         import mx.events.FlexEvent;
         import spark.skins.spark.BorderContainerSkin;			

         protected function btnClickMe_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            Alert.show("Hello World!");				
         }

         protected function application_initializeHandler(event:FlexEvent):void {
            lblHeader.text = "My Hello World Application";				
         }

         protected function gradientBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", GradientBackgroundSkin );
         }

         protected function standardBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", BorderContainerSkin );
         }
      ]]>
   </fx:Script>
   
   <fx:Declarations>
      <s:RadioButtonGroup id = "selectorGroup" />
   </fx:Declarations>
   
   <s:BorderContainer width = "500" height = "500" id = "mainContainer"
      skinClass = "spark.skins.spark.BorderContainerSkin" 
      horizontalCenter = "0" verticalCenter = "0" cornerRadius = "10">
      
      <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" horizontalAlign = "center"
         verticalAlign = "middle">
         <s:Label id = "lblHeader" fontSize = "40" color = "green" 
            styleName = "heading" />
         <s:Button label = "Click Me!" id = "btnClickMe" 
            click = "btnClickMe_clickHandler(event)" />
         <s:RadioButton color = "gray" fontWeight = "bold" 
            group = "{selectorGroup}" label = "Standard Background" 
            click = "standardBackground_clickHandler(event)" selected = "true" />
         <s:RadioButton color = "gray" fontWeight = "bold" 
            group = "{selectorGroup}" label = "Gradient Background" 
            click = "gradientBackground_clickHandler(event)" />			
      </s:VGroup>			
   </s:BorderContainer>	
</s:Application>

完成所有更改後，讓我們像在Flex - 建立應用程式章節中一樣，在普通模式下編譯並執行應用程式。如果您的應用程式一切正常，它將產生以下結果：[ 線上試用 ]