XML DOM - 遍歷



在本章中,我們將討論 XML DOM 遍歷。我們在上一章學習瞭如何載入 XML 文件並解析得到的 DOM 物件。這個解析後的 DOM 物件可以被遍歷。遍歷是一個按系統的方式迴圈遍歷節點樹中每個元素的過程,一步一步地進行。

示例

以下示例(traverse_example.htm)演示了 DOM 遍歷。這裡我們遍歷 <Employee> 元素的每個子節點。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <style>
      table,th,td {
         border:1px solid black;
         border-collapse:collapse
      }
   </style>
   <body>
      <div id = "ajax_xml"></div>
      <script>
         //if browser supports XMLHttpRequest
         if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// Create an instance of XMLHttpRequest object. 
            code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
            var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
         } else {// code for IE6, IE5
            var xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
         }
         // sets and sends the request for calling "node.xml"
            xmlhttp.open("GET","/dom/node.xml",false);
            xmlhttp.send();

         // sets and returns the content as XML DOM
            var xml_dom = xmlhttp.responseXML;
	
         // this variable stores the code of the html table
            var html_tab = '<table id = "id_tabel" align = "center">
            <tr>
               <th>Employee Category</th>
               <th>FirstName</th>
               <th>LastName</th>
               <th>ContactNo</th>
               <th>Email</th>
            </tr>';
            var arr_employees = xml_dom.getElementsByTagName("Employee");
         // traverses the "arr_employees" array
            for(var i = 0; i<arr_employees.length; i++) {
               var employee_cat = arr_employees[i].getAttribute('category');
   
               // gets the value of 'category' element of current "Element" tag

               // gets the value of first child-node of 'FirstName' 
               // element of current "Employee" tag
                  var employee_firstName =
                     arr_employees[i].getElementsByTagName('FirstName')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue;

               // gets the value of first child-node of 'LastName' 
               // element of current "Employee" tag
                  var employee_lastName =
                     arr_employees[i].getElementsByTagName('LastName')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue;

               // gets the value of first child-node of 'ContactNo' 
               // element of current "Employee" tag
                  var employee_contactno = 
                     arr_employees[i].getElementsByTagName('ContactNo')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue;

               // gets the value of first child-node of 'Email' 
               // element of current "Employee" tag
                  var employee_email = 
                     arr_employees[i].getElementsByTagName('Email')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue;

               // adds the values in the html table
               html_tab += '<tr>
                  <td>'+ employee_cat+ '</td>
                  <td>'+ employee_firstName+ '</td>
                  <td>'+ employee_lastName+ '</td>
                  <td>'+ employee_contactno+ '</td>
                  <td>'+ employee_email+ '</td>
               </tr>';
            }
         html_tab += '</table>'; 
         // adds the html table in a html tag, with id = "ajax_xml"
         document.getElementById('ajax_xml').innerHTML = html_tab; 
      </script>
   </body>
</html>
  • 此程式碼載入 node.xml

  • XML 內容被轉換為 JavaScript XML DOM 物件。

  • 使用 getElementsByTagName() 方法獲取元素(帶有 Element 標籤)的陣列。

  • 接下來,我們遍歷此陣列並在表格中顯示子節點值。

執行

將此檔案儲存為 traverse_example.html 到伺服器路徑(此檔案和 node.xml 應位於伺服器上的同一路徑)。您將收到以下輸出:

XML DOM traversing
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