C++程式設計中的複數


本部分將介紹如何在C++中建立和使用複數。我們可以在C++中建立複數型別類,該類可作為複數的成員元素儲存實部和虛部。該類中會有一些用於處理此類的成員函式。

在本示例中,我們將建立一個複數類,一個函式以正確格式顯示覆數。另有兩種方法用於加法和減法複數等。

示例

 線上演示

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class complex{
   int real, img;
   public:
      complex(){
         //default constructor to initialize complex number to 0+0i
         real = 0; img = 0;
      }
      complex(int r, int i){
         //parameterized constructor to initialize complex number.
         real = r; img = i;
      }
      void set();
      void get();
      void display();
      friend complex add(complex, complex);
      friend complex sub(complex, complex);
};
void complex::set(){
   cout << "Enter Real part: ";
   cin >> real;
   cout << "Enter Imaginary Part: ";
   cin >> img;
}
void complex::get(){
   cout << "The complex number is: "<< real << "+" << img << "i" << endl;
}
void complex::display(){
   if(img < 0)
   if(img == -1)
      cout << "The complex number is: "<< real << "-i" << endl;
   else
      cout << "The complex number is: "<< real << img << "i" << endl;
   else
   if(img == 1)
      cout << "The complex number is: "<< real << " + i"<< endl;
   else
   cout << "The complex number is: "<< real << " + " << img << "i" << endl;
}
complex add(complex c1, complex c2){
   complex res;
   res.real = c1.real + c2.real;//addition for real part
   res.img = c1.img + c2.img;//addition for imaginary part
   return res;//the result after addition
}
complex sub(complex c1, complex c2){
   complex res;
   res.real = c1.real - c2.real;//subtraction for real part
   res.img = c1.img - c2.img;//subtraction for imaginary part
   return res;//the result after subtraction
}
main(){
   complex n1(3, 2), n2(4, -3);
   complex result;
   result = add(n1,n2);
   result.display();
   result = sub(n1,n2);
   result.display();
}

輸出

The complex number is: 7-i
The complex number is: -1 + 5i

更新日期:2019-12-18

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