Spring Boot JPA - 原生查詢

有時候我們需要一個自定原生查詢來完成一個測試用例。我們可以在倉庫中使用 @Query 註釋來指定一個查詢。下面是一個示例。在這個示例中，我們正在使用原生查詢，並設定了 Query 註釋中的屬性 nativeQuery=true 以將查詢標記為原生查詢。

我們在 JPA 自定查詢 章節中向倉庫添加了自定方法。現在，讓我們新增一個使用原生查詢的方法並對其進行測試。

Repository - EmployeeRepository.java

新增一個方法以按員工姓名獲取員工列表。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer>  {
   public List<Employee> findByName(String name);	
   public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
   public Employee findByEmail(String email);
   
   @Query(value = "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY name")
   public List<Employee> findAllSortedByName();
   
   @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY name", nativeQuery = true)
   public List<Employee> findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
}

讓我們透過向測試檔案中新增測試用例來測試新增的方法。下面檔案中的最後兩種方法測試了新增的自定查詢方法。

示例

以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整程式碼。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
   @Autowired
   private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;

   @Test
   public void testFindById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();	     
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAll() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testSave() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testDeleteById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
   }
   private Employee getEmployee() {
      Employee employee = new Employee();
      employee.setId(1);
      employee.setName("Mahesh");
      employee.setAge(30);
      employee.setEmail("mahesh@test.com");
      return employee;
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByAge() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByEmail() {	     
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());	     
      assertNotNull(result);	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAllSortedByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      Employee employee1 = new Employee();
      employee1.setId(2);
      employee1.setName("Aarav");
      employee1.setAge(20);
      employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
      employeeRepository.save(employee);	     
      employeeRepository.save(employee1);
      List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByName();
      assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());	     
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAllSortedByNameUsingNative() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      Employee employee1 = new Employee();
      employee1.setId(2);
      employee1.setName("Aarav");
      employee1.setAge(20);
      employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
      employeeRepository.save(employee);	     
      employeeRepository.save(employee1);
      List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
      assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());	     
   }   
}

執行測試用例

輸出

右鍵單擊 eclipse 中的檔案，選擇 執行 JUnit 測試 並驗證結果。