LINQ - XML
LINQ to XML 以簡便的方法訪問所有 LINQ 功能，例如標準查詢運算子、程式設計介面等。LINQ to XML 整合在 .NET 框架中，充分利用 .NET 框架功能，例如除錯、編譯時檢查、強型別等等。
LINQ to XML 簡介
使用 LINQ to XML，可以輕鬆地將 XML 文件載入到記憶體中，並且可以更輕鬆地查詢和修改文件。還可以將存在記憶體中的 XML 文件儲存到磁碟並對其進行序列化。它消除了開發人員學習 XML 查詢語言的需要，而 XML 查詢語言有點複雜。
LINQ to XML 的功能在 System.Xml.Linq 名稱空間中。其中包含用於處理 XML 的所有 19 個必需的類。這些類如下。
- XAttribute
- XCData
- XComment
- XContainer
- XDeclaration
- XDocument
- XDocumentType
- XElement
- XName
- XNamespace
- XNode
- XNodeDocumentOrderComparer
- XNodeEqualityComparer
- XObject
- XObjectChange
- XObjectChangeEventArgs
- XObjectEventHandler
- XProcessingInstruction
- XText
使用 LINQ 讀取 XML 檔案
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace LINQtoXML {
class ExampleOfXML {
static void Main(string[] args) {
string myXML = @"<Departments>
<Department>Account</Department>
<Department>Sales</Department>
<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>
<Department>Marketing</Department>
</Departments>";
XDocument xdoc = new XDocument();
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML);
var result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants();
foreach (XElement item in result) {
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value);
}
Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to continue.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
VB
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Xml.Linq
Module Module1
Sub Main(ByVal args As String())
Dim myXML As String = "<Departments>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Account</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Marketing</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"</Departments>"
Dim xdoc As New XDocument()
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML)
Dim result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants()
For Each item As XElement In result
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value)
Next
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Press any key to continue.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
編譯並執行上述 C# 或 VB 程式碼時，會產生以下結果：
Department Name - Account Department Name - Sales Department Name - Pre-Sales Department Name - Marketing Press any key to continue.
新增新節點
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace LINQtoXML {
class ExampleOfXML {
static void Main(string[] args) {
string myXML = @"<Departments>
<Department>Account</Department>
<Department>Sales</Department>
<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>
<Department>Marketing</Department>
</Departments>";
XDocument xdoc = new XDocument();
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML);
//Add new Element
xdoc.Element("Departments").Add(new XElement("Department", "Finance"));
//Add new Element at First
xdoc.Element("Departments").AddFirst(new XElement("Department", "Support"));
var result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants();
foreach (XElement item in result) {
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value);
}
Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to continue.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
VB
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Xml.Linq
Module Module1
Sub Main(ByVal args As String())
Dim myXML As String = "<Departments>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Account</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Marketing</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"</Departments>"
Dim xdoc As New XDocument()
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML)
xdoc.Element("Departments").Add(New XElement("Department", "Finance"))
xdoc.Element("Departments").AddFirst(New XElement("Department", "Support"))
Dim result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants()
For Each item As XElement In result
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value)
Next
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Press any key to continue.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
編譯並執行上述 C# 或 VB 程式碼時，會產生以下結果：
Department Name - Support Department Name - Account Department Name - Sales Department Name - Pre-Sales Department Name - Marketing Department Name - Finance Press any key to continue.
刪除特定節點
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace LINQtoXML {
class ExampleOfXML {
static void Main(string[] args) {
string myXML = @"<Departments>
<Department>Support</Department>
<Department>Account</Department>
<Department>Sales</Department>
<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>
<Department>Marketing</Department>
<Department>Finance</Department>
</Departments>";
XDocument xdoc = new XDocument();
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML);
//Remove Sales Department
xdoc.Descendants().Where(s =>s.Value == "Sales").Remove();
var result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants();
foreach (XElement item in result) {
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value);
}
Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to continue.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
VB
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Xml.Linq
Module Module1
Sub Main(args As String())
Dim myXML As String = "<Departments>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Support</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Account</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Pre-Sales</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Marketing</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"<Department>Finance</Department>" & vbCr & vbLf &
"</Departments>"
Dim xdoc As New XDocument()
xdoc = XDocument.Parse(myXML)
xdoc.Descendants().Where(Function(s) s.Value = "Sales").Remove()
Dim result = xdoc.Element("Departments").Descendants()
For Each item As XElement In result
Console.WriteLine("Department Name - " + item.Value)
Next
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Press any key to continue.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
編譯並執行上述 C# 或 VB 程式碼時，會產生以下結果：
Department Name - Support Department Name - Account Department Name - Pre-Sales Department Name - Marketing Department Name - Finance Press any key to continue.
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