JSP - 資料庫訪問



在本章中,我們將討論如何使用 JSP 訪問資料庫。我們假設您已經很好地理解了 JDBC 應用程式的工作原理。在開始透過 JSP 訪問資料庫之前,請確保您已正確設定了 JDBC 環境以及資料庫。

有關如何使用 JDBC 訪問資料庫及其環境設定的更多詳細資訊,您可以查閱我們的 JDBC 教程

為了開始瞭解基本概念,讓我們建立一個表並在該表中建立一些記錄,如下所示:

建立表

要建立 EMP 資料庫中的 **Employees** 表,請使用以下步驟:

步驟 1

開啟 **命令提示符** 並更改到安裝目錄,如下所示:

C:\>
C:\>cd Program Files\MySQL\bin
C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>

步驟 2

登入到資料庫,如下所示:

C:\Program Files\MySQL\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ********
mysql>

步驟 3

在 **TEST** 資料庫中建立 **Employee** 表,如下所示:

mysql> use TEST;
mysql> create table Employees
   (
      id int not null,
      age int not null,
      first varchar (255),
      last varchar (255)
   );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql>

建立資料記錄

現在讓我們在 **Employee** 表中建立一些記錄,如下所示:

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (100, 18, 'Zara', 'Ali');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (101, 25, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (102, 30, 'Zaid', 'Khan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (103, 28, 'Sumit', 'Mittal');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql>

SELECT 操作

以下示例演示瞭如何在 JSP 程式設計中使用 JTSL 執行 **SQL SELECT** 語句:

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>SELECT Operation</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql:///TEST"
         user = "root"  password = "pass123"/>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
         
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

訪問上述 JSP,將顯示以下結果:

Emp ID First Name Last Name Age
100 Zara Ali 18
101 Mahnaz Fatma 25
102 Zaid Khan 30
103 Sumit Mittal 28

INSERT 操作

以下示例演示瞭如何在 JSP 程式設計中使用 JTSL 執行 SQL INSERT 語句:

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>JINSERT Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql:///TEST"
         user = "root"  password = "pass123"/>
         <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (104, 2, 'Nuha', 'Ali');
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
         
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

訪問上述 JSP,將顯示以下結果:

Emp ID First Name Last Name Age
100 Zara Ali 18
101 Mahnaz Fatma 25
102 Zaid Khan 30
103 Sumit Mittal 28
104 Nuha Ali 2

DELETE 操作

以下示例演示瞭如何在 JSP 程式設計中使用 JTSL 執行 **SQL DELETE** 語句:

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>DELETE Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql:///TEST"
         user = "root" password = "pass123"/>
 
      <c:set var = "empId" value = "103"/>
 
      <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "count">
         DELETE FROM Employees WHERE Id = ?
         <sql:param value = "${empId}" />
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
            
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

訪問上述 JSP,將顯示以下結果:

Emp ID First Name Last Name Age
100 Zara Ali 18
101 Mahnaz Fatma 25
102 Zaid Khan 30

UPDATE 操作

以下示例演示瞭如何在 JSP 程式設計中使用 JTSL 執行 **SQL UPDATE** 語句:

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ taglib uri = "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix = "c"%>
<%@ taglib uri = "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix = "sql"%>
 
<html>
   <head>
      <title>DELETE Operation</title>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <sql:setDataSource var = "snapshot" driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
         url = "jdbc:mysql:///TEST"
         user = "root" password = "pass123"/>
 
      <c:set var = "empId" value = "102"/>
 
      <sql:update dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "count">
         UPDATE Employees SET WHERE last = 'Ali'
         <sql:param value = "${empId}" />
      </sql:update>
 
      <sql:query dataSource = "${snapshot}" var = "result">
         SELECT * from Employees;
      </sql:query>
 
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <tr>
            <th>Emp ID</th>
            <th>First Name</th>
            <th>Last Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
         </tr>
            
         <c:forEach var = "row" items = "${result.rows}">
            <tr>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.id}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.first}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.last}"/></td>
               <td><c:out value = "${row.age}"/></td>
            </tr>
         </c:forEach>
      </table>
 
   </body>
</html>

訪問上述 JSP,將顯示以下結果:

Emp ID First Name Last Name Age
100 Zara Ali 18
101 Mahnaz Fatma 25
102 Zaid Ali 30
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