Ext.js - 自定義事件和監聽器



事件是在類發生某些事情時觸發的。例如,當按鈕被點選或元素渲染之前/之後。

編寫事件的方法

  • 使用監聽器內建事件
  • 稍後附加事件
  • 自定義事件

使用監聽器內建事件

Ext JS 提供了 listener 屬性用於在 Ext JS 檔案中編寫事件和自定義事件。

在 Ext JS 中編寫監聽器

我們將透過向面板新增 listen 屬性,在之前的程式中新增監聽器。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <link href = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-neptune/resources/theme-neptune-all.css" 
         rel = "stylesheet" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" 
         src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
      
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         Ext.onReady(function() {
            Ext.create('Ext.Button', {
               renderTo: Ext.getElementById('helloWorldPanel'),
               text: 'My Button',
               
               listeners: {
                  click: function() {
                     Ext.MessageBox.alert('Alert box', 'Button is clicked');	
                  }
               }
            });
         });
      </script> 
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p> Please click the button to see event listener </p>
      <div id = 'helloWorldPanel' />   <!--  panel will be rendered here-- >
   </body>
</html>

以上程式將產生以下結果:

透過這種方式,我們也可以在 listeners 屬性中編寫多個事件。

同一監聽器中的多個事件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <link href = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-neptune/resources/theme-neptune-all.css" 
         rel = "stylesheet" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" 
         src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
      
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         Ext.onReady(function() {
            Ext.get('tag2').hide()
            Ext.create('Ext.Button', {
               renderTo: Ext.getElementById('helloWorldPanel'),
               text: 'My Button',
               
               listeners: {
                  click: function() {
                     this.hide();
                  },
                  hide: function() {
                     Ext.get('tag1').hide();
                     Ext.get('tag2').show();
                  }
               }
            });
         });           
      </script> 
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <div id = "tag1">Please click the button to see event listener.</div>
      <div id = "tag2">The button was clicked and now it is hidden.</div>
      <div id = 'helloWorldPanel' />   <!--  panel will be rendered here-- >
   </body>
</html>

稍後附加事件

在之前編寫事件的方法中,我們在建立元素時在 listeners 中編寫了事件。另一種方法是附加事件。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <link href = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-neptune/resources/theme-neptune-all.css" 
         rel = "stylesheet" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" 
         src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
      
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         Ext.onReady(function() {
            var button = Ext.create('Ext.Button', {
               renderTo: Ext.getElementById('helloWorldPanel'),
               text: 'My Button'
            });

            // This way we can attach event to the button after the button is created.
            button.on('click', function() {
               Ext.MessageBox.alert('Alert box', 'Button is clicked');
            });
         });
      </script> 
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p> Please click the button to see event listener </p>
      <div id = 'helloWorldPanel' />   <!--  panel will be rendered here-- >
   </body>
</html>

以上程式將產生以下結果:

自定義事件

我們可以在 Ext JS 中編寫自定義事件,並使用 fireEvent 方法觸發事件。以下示例說明了如何編寫自定義事件。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <link href = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-neptune/resources/theme-neptune-all.css" 
         rel = "stylesheet" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" 
         src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
      
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         Ext.onReady(function() {
            var button = Ext.create('Ext.Button', {
               renderTo: Ext.getElementById('helloWorldPanel'),
               text: 'My Button',
               
               listeners: {
                  myEvent: function(button) {
                     Ext.MessageBox.alert('Alert box', 'My custom event is called');
                  }
               }
            });
            Ext.defer(function() {
               button.fireEvent('myEvent');
            }, 5000);
         }); 
      </script> 
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p> The event will be called after 5 seconds when the page is loaded. </p>
      <div id = 'helloWorldPanel' />   <!--  panel will be rendered here-- >
   </body>
</html>

頁面載入並文件準備就緒後,將顯示帶有按鈕的 UI 頁面,並且由於我們在 5 秒後觸發事件,因此文件已準備就緒。警報框將在 5 秒後出現。

這裡,我們編寫了自定義事件“myEvent”,並且我們正在觸發事件,如 button.fireEvent(eventName);

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