用 C++ 平衡二叉查詢樹
假設我們有一個二叉查詢樹,我們必須找到一個具有相同節點值的平衡二叉查詢樹。當且僅當每個節點的兩個子樹的深度僅差 1 時,才稱二叉查詢樹為平衡的。如果有多個結果,則返回任何一個結果。如果樹像這樣:-

為了解決此問題,我們將按照以下步驟操作:-
定義 inorder() 方法,它將按順序遍歷序列儲存到陣列中
定義 construct 方法(),它將採用 low 和 high -
如果 low > high,則返回 null
mid := low + (high - low) / 2
root := 帶有值 arr[mid] 的新節點
root 的左側 := construct(low, mid – 1),root 的右側 := construct(mid + 1, high)
返回 root
從 main 方法呼叫 inorder 方法並返回 construct(0, arr - 1 的大小)
示例 (C++)
讓我們看看以下實現以更好地理解 -
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class TreeNode{
public:
int val;
TreeNode *left, *right;
TreeNode(int data){
val = data;
left = right = NULL;
}
};
void insert(TreeNode **root, int val){
queue<TreeNode*> q;
q.push(*root);
while(q.size()){
TreeNode *temp = q.front();
q.pop();
if(!temp->left){
if(val != NULL)
temp->left = new TreeNode(val);
else
temp->left = new TreeNode(0);
return;
}else{
q.push(temp->left);
}
if(!temp->right){
if(val != NULL)
temp->right = new TreeNode(val);
else
temp->right = new TreeNode(0);
return;
}else{
q.push(temp->right);
}
}
}
TreeNode *make_tree(vector<int> v){
TreeNode *root = new TreeNode(v[0]);
for(int i = 1; i<v.size(); i++){
insert(&root, v[i]);
}
return root;
}
void tree_level_trav(TreeNode*root){
if (root == NULL) return;
cout << "[";
queue<TreeNode *> q;
TreeNode *curr;
q.push(root);
q.push(NULL);
while (q.size() > 1) {
curr = q.front();
q.pop();
if (curr == NULL){
q.push(NULL);
} else {
if(curr->left)
q.push(curr->left);
if(curr->right)
q.push(curr->right);
if(curr->val == 0 || curr == NULL){
cout << "null" << ", ";
}else{
cout << curr->val << ", ";
}
}
}
cout << "]"<<endl;
}
class Solution {
public:
vector <int> arr;
void inorder(TreeNode* node){
if(!node || node->val == 0) return;
inorder(node->left);
arr.push_back(node->val);
inorder(node->right);
}
TreeNode* construct(int low, int high){
if(low > high) return NULL;
int mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(arr[mid]);
root->left = construct(low, mid - 1);
root->right = construct(mid + 1, high);
return root;
}
TreeNode* balanceBST(TreeNode* root) {
inorder(root);
return construct(0, (int)arr.size() - 1);
}
};
main(){
vector<int> v = {1,NULL,2,NULL,NULL,NULL,3,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,4};
TreeNode *root = make_tree(v);
Solution ob;
tree_level_trav(ob.balanceBST(root));
}輸入
[1,NULL,2,NULL,NULL,NULL,3,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,4]
輸出
[2, 1, 3, 4, ]
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