實現仿射密碼的 C++ 程式
在仿射密碼中,字母中的每個字母都對映到其數字等價物,這是一種單字母替換密碼。使用簡單的數學函式進行加密並轉換回字母。
在仿射密碼中,首先將大小為 m 的字母對映到 0 ... m-1 範圍內的整數,
仿射密碼的“金鑰”由 2 個數字 a 和 b 組成。應選擇 a 與 m 互為素數。
加密
若要轉換整數,它使用模運算,其中每個明文對應於另一個對應於密文的一個整數。單個字母的加密函式為
E ( x ) = ( a x + b ) mod m modulus m: size of the alphabet a and b: key of the cipher.
解密
在解密中,將每個密文轉換為其整數值。解密函式為
D ( x ) = a^-1 ( x - b ) mod m a^-1 : modular multiplicative inverse of a modulo m. i.e., it satisfies the equation 1 = a^-1 mod m.
以下是一個 C++ 程式來實現此過程。
演算法
Begin Function encryption(string m) for i = 0 to m.length()-1 if(m[i]!=' ') c = c + (char) ((((a * (m[i]-'A') ) + b) % 26) + 'A') else c += m[i] return c End Begin Function decryption(string c) Initialize a_inverse = 0 Initialize flag = 0 For i = 0 to 25 flag = (a * i) % 26 if (flag == 1) a_inverse = i done done For i = 0 to c.length() - 1 if(c[i]!=' ') m = m + (char) (((a_inverse * ((c[i]+'A' - b)) % 26)) + 'A') else m = m+ c[i] done End
示例
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
static int a = 7;
static int b = 6;
string encryption(string m) {
//Cipher Text initially empty
string c = "";
for (int i = 0; i < m.length(); i++) {
// Avoid space to be encrypted
if(m[i]!=' ')
// added 'A' to bring it in range of ASCII alphabet [ 65-90 | A-Z ]
c = c + (char) ((((a * (m[i]-'A') ) + b) % 26) + 'A');
else
//else append space character
c += m[i];
}
return c;
}
string decryption(string c) {
string m = "";
int a_inverse = 0;
int flag = 0;
//Find a^-1 (the multiplicative inverse of a
//in the group of integers modulo m.)
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
flag = (a * i) % 26;
//Check if (a * i) % 26 == 1,
//then i will be the multiplicative inverse of a
if (flag == 1) {
a_inverse = i;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < c.length(); i++) {
if(c[i] != ' ')
// added 'A' to bring it in range of ASCII alphabet [ 65-90 | A-Z ]
m = m + (char) (((a_inverse * ((c[i]+'A' - b)) % 26)) + 'A');
else
//else append space character
m += c[i];
}
return m;
}
int main(void) {
string msg = "TUTORIALSPOINT";
string c = encryption(msg);
cout << "Encrypted Message is : " << c<<endl;
cout << "Decrypted Message is: " << decryption(c);
return 0;
}輸出
Encrypted Message is : JQJAVKGFCHAKTJ Decrypted Message is: TUTORIALSPOINT
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