漫水填充演算法
給定一個矩陣;該矩陣表示一個螢幕。螢幕的每個元素 (i, j) 表示為畫素,該畫素的顏色以不同數字標記。在此演算法中,當畫素已經為上一次選擇的顏色時,畫素將填充為新顏色。如果上一個顏色不是上一個顏色,則不會填充該畫素。填充畫素後,它將檢查其上方、下方、左側和右側的畫素以執行相同的操作。
思路很簡單,首先,我們檢查選定的位置是否已用上一次的顏色著色,如果沒有,演算法將不工作。否則,它將使用新顏色填充該畫素,並對它的四個相鄰位置進行遞迴。
輸入和輸出
Input: The screen matrix: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 Output: Screen matrix after flood fill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1
演算法
fillScreen(x, y, prevColor, newColor)
輸入:開始的 (x,y) 座標、上一次的顏色和新顏色。
輸出 − 如果可能,將螢幕上的顏色從上一次更改為新的。
Begin if (x, y) not in the screen range, then return if color of (x, y) ≠ prevColor, then return screen[x, y] := newColor fillScreen(x+1, y, prevColor, newColor) fillScreen(x-1, y, prevColor, newColor) fillScreen(x, y+1, prevColor, newColor) fillScreen(x, y-1, prevColor, newColor) End
示例
#include<iostream> #define M 8 #define N 8 using namespace std; int screen[M][N] = { //the screen dimention and colors {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1}, {1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1} }; void fillScreen(int x, int y, int prevColor, int newColor) { //replace previous color of (x,y), with new color if (x < 0 || x >= M || y < 0 || y >= N) //when point exceeds the screen return; if (screen[x][y] != prevColor) //if the point(x,y) are not containing prevColor, do nothing return; screen[x][y] = newColor; //update the color fillScreen(x+1, y, prevColor, newColor); //for the right of (x,y) fillScreen(x-1, y, prevColor, newColor); //for the left of (x,y) fillScreen(x, y+1, prevColor, newColor); //for the top of (x,y) fillScreen(x, y-1, prevColor, newColor); //for the bottom of (x,y) } void floodFill(int x, int y, int newColor) { int prevColor = screen[x][y]; //take the color before replacing with new color fillScreen(x, y, prevColor, newColor); } int main() { int x = 4, y = 4, newColor = 3; cout << "Previous screen: "<< endl; for (int i=0; i<M; i++) { for (int j=0; j<N; j++) cout << screen[i][j] << " "; cout << endl; } cout << endl; floodFill(x, y, newColor); //start from (4, 4), with new color 3 cout << "Updated screen: "<< endl; for (int i=0; i<M; i++) { for (int j=0; j<N; j++) cout << screen[i][j] << " "; cout << endl; } }
輸出
Previous screen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 Updated screen: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1
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