如何在C語言中將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式?
將結構體中的值從一個函式傳遞到另一個函式,有三種方法。它們如下所示:
將各個成員作為引數傳遞給函式。
將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式。
將結構體的地址作為引數傳遞給函式。
現在讓我們看看如何將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式。
結構體變數的名稱作為引數在函式呼叫中給出。
它在函式頭中被收集到另一個結構體變數中。
缺點是會再次建立整個結構體的副本,從而浪費記憶體。
示例
以下程式展示瞭如何將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式。
#include<stdio.h> struct date{ int day; char month[10]; int year; }; int main(){ struct date d; printf("enter the day,month and year:"); scanf("%d%s%d",&d.day,d.month,&d.year); display(d);//passing entire structure as an argument to function return 0; } void display(struct date d){ printf("day=%d
",d.day); printf("month=%s
",d.month); printf("year=%d
",d.year); }
輸出
當執行上述程式時,它會產生以下結果:
enter the day, month and year:18 JAN 2021 day=18 month=JAN year=2021
示例 2
考慮另一個示例,其中解釋了 C 程式來演示將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式。
#include<stdio.h> //Declaring structure// struct add{ int var1; int var2; }a; //Declaring and returning Function// void show(struct add a){ //Declaring sum variable// int sum; //Arithmetic Operation// sum=a.var1+a.var2; //Printing O/p// printf("Added value is %d",sum); } void main(){ //Declaring structure// struct add a; //Reading User I/p// printf("Enter variable 1 = "); scanf("%d",&a.var1); printf("Enter variable 2 = "); scanf("%d",&a.var2); //Calling function// show(a); }
輸出
當執行上述程式時,它會產生以下結果:
Enter variable 1 = 20 Enter variable 2 = 50 Added value is 70
示例 3
另一個 C 程式演示了將整個結構體作為引數傳遞給函式,其中解釋了宣告結構體、宣告和返回函式等。
#include<stdio.h> //Declaring structure// struct student{ int s1,s2,s3; }s[5]; //Declaring and returning Function// void addition(struct student s[]){ //Declaring sum variable and For loop variable// int i,sum; //Arithmetic Operation// for(i=1;i<4;i++){ sum=s[i].s1+s[i].s2+s[i].s3; printf("Student %d scored total of %d
",i,sum); } } void main(){ //Declaring variable for For loop// int i; //Reading User I/p through For loop// for(i=1;i<4;i++){ printf("Enter marks for student %d in subject 1 = ",i); scanf("%d",&s[i].s1); printf("Enter marks for student %d in subject 2 = ",i); scanf("%d",&s[i].s2); printf("Enter marks for student %d in subject 3 = ",i); scanf("%d",&s[i].s3); } //Calling function// addition(s); }
輸出
當執行上述程式時,它會產生以下結果:
Enter marks for student 1 in subject 1 = 25 Enter marks for student 1 in subject 2 = 89 Enter marks for student 1 in subject 3 = 45 Enter marks for student 2 in subject 1 = 12 Enter marks for student 2 in subject 2 = 45 Enter marks for student 2 in subject 3 = 89 Enter marks for student 3 in subject 1 = 12 Enter marks for student 3 in subject 2 = 78 Enter marks for student 3 in subject 3 = 12 Student 1 scored total of 159 Student 2 scored total of 146 Student 3 scored total of 102
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