如何在 Android 上使用 Kotlin 解析 JSON 物件?
此示例演示瞭如何在 Android 上使用 Kotlin 解析 JSON 物件。
步驟 1 - 在 Android Studio 中建立一個新專案,轉到檔案 ⇒ 新建專案,並填寫所有必需的詳細資訊以建立新專案。
步驟 2 - 將以下程式碼新增到 res/layout/activity_main.xml。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/recyclerView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </RelativeLayout>
步驟 3 - 建立一個新的 assets 資料夾並建立一個 user_list.json 檔案,以及下面提到的程式碼。
{ "users":[ { "name":"Niyaz", "email":"testemail1@gmail.com", "contact":{ "mobile":"+91 0000000000" } }, { "name":"Azhar", "email":"testemail2@gmail.com", "contact":{ "mobile":"+91 0000000000" } }, { "name":"Mahi", "email":"testemail3@gmail.com", "contact":{ "mobile":"+91 0000000000" } } ] }
步驟 4 - 將以下程式碼新增到 src/MainActivity.kt
import android.os.Bundle import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView import org.json.JSONException import org.json.JSONObject import java.io.IOException import java.nio.charset.Charset class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() { var personName: ArrayList<String> = ArrayList() var emailId: ArrayList<String> = ArrayList() var mobileNumbers: ArrayList<String> = ArrayList() override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_main) title = "KotlinApp" val recyclerView = findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recyclerView) val linearLayoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(applicationContext) recyclerView.layoutManager = linearLayoutManager try { val obj = JSONObject(loadJSONFromAsset()) val userArray = obj.getJSONArray("users") for (i in 0 until userArray.length()) { val userDetail = userArray.getJSONObject(i) personName.add(userDetail.getString("name")) emailId.add(userDetail.getString("email")) val contact = userDetail.getJSONObject("contact") mobileNumbers.add(contact.getString("mobile")) } } catch (e: JSONException) { e.printStackTrace() } val customAdapter = CustomAdapter(this@MainActivity, personName, emailId, mobileNumbers) recyclerView.adapter = customAdapter } private fun loadJSONFromAsset(): String { val json: String? try { val inputStream = assets.open("users_list.json") val size = inputStream.available() val buffer = ByteArray(size) val charset: Charset = Charsets.UTF_8 inputStream.read(buffer) inputStream.close() json = String(buffer, charset) } catch (ex: IOException) { ex.printStackTrace() return "" } return json } }
步驟 5 - 建立一個新的類 CustomAdapter.kt 並新增以下程式碼 -
import android.content.Context import android.view.LayoutInflater import android.view.View import android.view.ViewGroup import android.widget.TextView import android.widget.Toast import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.ViewHolder import java.util.* class CustomAdapter( private var context: Context, private var personNames: ArrayList<String>, private var emailIds: ArrayList<String>, private var mobileNumbers: ArrayList<String> ) : RecyclerView.Adapter<CustomAdapter.MyViewHolder>() { override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): MyViewHolder { val v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.rowlayout, parent, false) return MyViewHolder(v) } override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: MyViewHolder, position: Int) { // set the data in items holder.name.text = personNames[position] holder.email.text = emailIds[position] holder.mobileNo.text = mobileNumbers[position] // implement setOnClickListener event on item view. holder.itemView.setOnClickListener { // display a toast with person name on item click Toast.makeText(context, personNames[position], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show() } } override fun getItemCount(): Int { return personNames.size } inner class MyViewHolder(itemView: View) : ViewHolder(itemView) { var name: TextView = itemView.findViewById<View>(R.id.tvName) as TextView var email: TextView = itemView.findViewById<View>(R.id.tvEmail) as TextView var mobileNo: TextView = itemView.findViewById<View>(R.id.tvMobile) as TextView } }
步驟 6 - 建立一個佈局資原始檔 row.xml 並新增以下程式碼
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.cardview.widget.CardView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/cardView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_margin="5dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="10dp"> <!--items for a single row of RecyclerView--> <TextView android:id="@+id/tvName" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Name" android:textColor="#000" android:textSize="20sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/tvEmail" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="email@email.com" android:textColor="#000" android:textSize="15sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/tvMobile" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="e9999999999" android:textColor="#000" android:textSize="15sp" /> </LinearLayout> </androidx.cardview.widget.CardView>
步驟 7 - 將以下程式碼新增到 androidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.q11"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
讓我們嘗試執行您的應用程式。我假設您已將您的實際 Android 移動裝置連線到您的計算機。要從 Android Studio 執行應用程式,請開啟專案的某個活動檔案,然後點選工具欄中的執行圖示 。選擇您的移動裝置作為選項,然後檢查您的移動裝置,它將顯示您的預設螢幕。
點選 這裡 下載專案程式碼。
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