如何在 Linux 中建立 Cron 任務並在指定時間執行


在本文中,我們將教您如何安排一個將在指定時間執行的 corn 任務。

Cron 任務的一般語法

MIN    HOUR    Day of month    Month    Day of Week    Command
0-59   0-23       1-31          1-12       0-6       linux command or script

要檢視機器上存在的 Cron 任務列表,請執行以下命令 –

# crontab -l
no crontab for root

要新增新的 Cron 任務,請執行以下命令 –

#crontab -e
no crontab for root - using an empty one
Select an editor. To change later, run 'select-editor'.
1. /bin/ed
2. /bin/nano <---- easiest
3. /usr/bin/vim.basic
4. /usr/bin/vim.tiny
Choose 1-4 [2]:2
# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
#
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
#
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
#
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
#
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
#
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h dom mon dow command

為某個特定時間安排任務

Cron 的基本用法是按如下所示在某個指定時間執行任務。這將在 4 月 20 日下午 6:40 執行全備份 shell 指令碼 (full-backup)。

40 18 20 04 * /home/backups/full-backup

解釋

40 – 40th Minute
18 – 06 PM
20 – 20th Day
04 – 4th Month (April)
* – Every day of the week

在配置的最後,你將能夠在每一天的某個特定時間執行一個指令碼或命令,比如這樣,我們可以使用逗號分隔值指定多個執行時間。

更新於: 2020-01-21

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