使用向量實現字串匹配的 C++ 程式
這是一種字串匹配方法。我們在這個方法中用向量來搜尋一個子字串。
在 C++ 中,我們可以輕鬆利用標準庫建立向量。我們將主字串和將被搜尋的字串作為向量,再在主字串中搜索。當找到一個匹配項時,該函式會返回地址,並將其從主字串中移除。所以在下一次迭代中,它從位置 0 開始重新搜尋。
對於多次出現的情況,我們使用迴圈多次搜尋匹配項,並返回位置。
Input: Main String: “ABAAABCDBBABCDDEBCABC”, Pattern “ABC” Output: Pattern found at position: 4 Pattern found at position: 10 Pattern found at position: 18
演算法
vector_pattern_search(main, substr)
輸入− 主文字和子字串。
輸出 − 找到該模式的位置
Begin p := starting point of the main string while r is not at the end of substr and p is not at the end of main, do r := starting of substr while item at position p & r are not same, and p in main, do p := p + 1 i := i + 1 done q := p while item at pos p & r are same, and r in substr and p in main, do p := p + 1 i := i + 1 r := r + 1 done if r exceeds the substr, then delete first occurrence of substr from main return the position where substr is found if p exceeds main string, then return 0 q := q + 1 p := q done End
示例程式碼
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
void take_string(vector<char> &string){
char c;
while(true){
c = getchar();
if(c == '\n'){
break;
}
string.push_back(c);
}
}
void display(vector<char> string){
for(int i = 0; i<string.size(); i++){
cout << string[i];
}
}
int match_string(vector<char>& main, vector<char> substr){
vector<char>::iterator p,q, r;
int i = 0;
p = main.begin();
while (r <= substr.end() && p <= main.end()){
r = substr.begin();
while (*p != *r && p < main.end()){
p++;
i++;
}
q = p;
while (*p == *r && r <= substr.end() && p<=main.end()){
p++;
i++;
r++;
}
if (r >= substr.end()){
main.erase(main.begin(), q + 1);
return (i - substr.size() + 1);
}
if (p >= main.end())
return 0;
p = ++q;
}
}輸出
Enter main String: C++ is programming language. It is object oriented language Enter substring to find: language Match found at Position = 20 Match found at Position = 52
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