活動選擇問題
有 n 種不同的活動,給出其開始時間和結束時間。選出由同一個人解決的最大活動數。我們將使用貪心演算法來找到結束時間在剩餘活動中最少且開始時間大於或等於上一個選定活動結束時間的下一個活動。
- 當列表未排序時,此問題的複雜度為 O(n log n)。
- 當提供已排序的列表時,複雜度將為 O(n)。
輸入和輸出
Input: A list of different activities with starting and ending times. {(5,9), (1,2), (3,4), (0,6), (5,7), (8,9)} Output: Selected Activities are: Activity: 0 , Start: 1 End: 2 Activity: 1 , Start: 3 End: 4 Activity: 3 , Start: 5 End: 7 Activity: 5 , Start: 8 End: 9
演算法
maxActivity(act, size)
輸入: 一系列活動,以及列表中的元素數。
輸出 − 已選定的活動順序。
Begin initially sort the given activity List set i := 1 display the ith activity //in this case it is the first activity for j := 1 to n-1 do if start time of act[j] >= end of act[i] then display the jth activity i := j done End
示例
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; struct Activitiy { int start, end; }; bool comp(Activitiy act1, Activitiy act2) { return (act1.end < act2.end); } void maxActivity(Activitiy act[], int n) { sort(act, act+n, comp); //sort activities using compare function cout << "Selected Activities are: " << endl; int i = 0;// first activity as 0 is selected cout << "Activity: " << i << " , Start: " <<act[i].start << " End: " << act[i].end <<endl; for (int j = 1; j < n; j++) { //for all other activities if (act[j].start >= act[i].end) { //when start time is >= end time, print the activity cout << "Activity: " << j << " , Start: " <<act[j].start << " End: " << act[j].end <<endl; i = j; } } } int main() { Activitiy actArr[] = {{5,9},{1,2},{3,4},{0,6},{5,7},{8,9}}; int n = 6; maxActivity(actArr,n); return 0; }
輸出
Selected Activities are: Activity: 0 , Start: 1 End: 2 Activity: 1 , Start: 3 End: 4 Activity: 3 , Start: 5 End: 7 Activity: 5 , Start: 8 End: 9
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