在 Ubuntu 16.04 上使用 Monitorix 進行效能監控


Monitorix 是一款免費、開源、輕量級的系統監控工具,旨在監控儘可能多的服務和系統資源。它被建立用於 Linux/UNIX 伺服器的生產環境,但由於其簡單性和小巧的體積,也可以用於嵌入式裝置。本文介紹如何在 Ubuntu 上安裝 Monitorix。

新增 Monitorix 倉庫

要新增 Monitorix 倉庫,請開啟 /etc/apt/sources.list 檔案,如下所示:

$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

示例輸出如下:

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
# deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
# deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe

將游標移至檔案末尾,並新增以下行:

deb http://apt.izzysoft.de/ubuntu generic universe

儲存檔案並退出。

新增 PGP 金鑰

新增倉庫後,我們必須下載(或新增)PGP 金鑰並將其“安裝”到系統中,如下所示:

$ wget http://apt.izzysoft.de/izzysoft.asc

示例輸出如下:

--2016-05-24 11:35:47-- http://apt.izzysoft.de/izzysoft.asc
Resolving apt.izzysoft.de (apt.izzysoft.de)... 144.76.109.57
Connecting to apt.izzysoft.de (apt.izzysoft.de)|144.76.109.57|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1692 (1.7K) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘izzysoft.asc’

izzysoft.asc 100%[=======================================================>] 1.65K --.-KB/s in 0s
2016-05-24 11:35:47 (212 MB/s) - ‘izzysoft.asc’ saved [1692/1692]

現在,我們必須轉到儲存 .asc 檔案的目錄,並開啟終端視窗以執行以下命令:

$ sudo apt-key add izzysoft.asc

示例輸出如下:

Ok

現在,更新軟體包倉庫,如下所示:

$ sudo apt-get update

安裝 Monitorix

要安裝 Monitorix,請使用以下命令:

$ sudo apt-get -y install monitorix apache2-utils

示例輸出如下:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
apache2-utils is already the newest version (2.4.18-2ubuntu3).
apache2-utils set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
apport-hooks-elementary contractor libgda-5.0-4 libgda-5.0-common libgranite-common libgranite3 libgsignon-glib1 libindicate5
libnoise-core0 libtagc0 mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libconfig-general-perl libdbi-perl libdbi1 libemail-date-format-perl libhttp-server-simple-perl libmime-lite-perl
libmime-types-perl librrd4 librrds-perl libxml-libxml-perl libxml-namespacesupport-perl libxml-sax-base-perl
libxml-sax-expat-perl libxml-sax-perl libxml-simple-perl rrdtool
Suggested packages:
libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libsql-statement-perl default-mta | mail-transport-agent libmojolicious-perl
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libconfig-general-perl libdbi-perl libdbi1 libemail-date-format-perl libhttp-server-simple-perl libmime-lite-perl
.............................................................................................

配置 Monitorix

要配置 Monitorix,請開啟 /etc/monitorix/monitorix.conf 檔案,如下所示:

$ sudo nano /etc/monitorix/monitorix.conf

示例輸出如下:

# Monitorix - configuration file
#
# See monitorix.conf(5) manpage for a detailed description of each option.
#
title = Place a title here
hostname =
theme_color = black
refresh_rate = 150
iface_mode = graph
enable_zoom = y
netstats_in_bps = n
disable_javascript_void = n
temperature_scale = c
show_gaps = n
global_zoom = 1
max_historic_years = 1
accept_selfsigned_certs = y
include_dir = /etc/monitorix/conf.d
.....................................................................................

搜尋以下幾行:

<auth>
   enabled = n
   msg = Monitorix: Restricted access
   htpasswd = /var/lib/monitorix/htpasswd
</auth>

將以上幾行更改為如下所示:

<auth>
   enabled = y
   msg = Monitorix: Restricted access
   htpasswd = /var/lib/monitorix/htpasswd
</auth>

儲存檔案並退出。配置完成後,我們必須重新啟動 monitorix 服務,如下所示:

$ sudo service monitorix restart

新增 Monitorix 登入的使用者名稱和密碼。在下面的示例中,我將使用使用者名稱“admin”和密碼“admin”:

$ sudo htpasswd -d -c /var/lib/monitorix/htpasswd admin

示例輸出如下:

New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user admin

開啟您喜歡的瀏覽器並訪問 https://:8080/monitorix/。輸出應如下所示:

單擊“確定”按鈕。示例輸出應如下所示:

閱讀本文後,您將能夠理解如何在 Ubuntu 上安裝 Monitorix。在我們的下一篇文章中,我們將提供更多基於 Linux 的技巧和提示。敬請期待!

更新於:2020年1月17日

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