基於Java選單的矩陣運算程式

Java中的陣列被稱為非基本資料型別，它儲存固定數量的相同型別的值。它被稱為一維陣列。而矩陣指的是矩形陣列或二維陣列。

在本文中，我們將學習如何使用Java選單驅動的程式執行不同的矩陣運算，例如加法、減法和乘法。我們將使用switch case實現該應用程式。

舉幾個例子：

示例1

Suppose we have inserted two different matrices of 2 rows and 3 columns. Then we will
perform matrix addition and print the result. Let the matrix be:
First Matrix:
2 3 5
9 8 7
Second Matrix:
6 4 8
9 5 4
Matrix after addition:
8 7 13
18 13 11

示例2

Suppose we have inserted two different matrices of 2 rows and 3 columns. Then we will
perform matrix subtraction and print the result. Let the matrix be:
First Matrix:
2 3 5
9 8 7
Second Matrix:
6 4 8
9 5 4
Matrix after Subtraction:
-4 -1 -3
0 3 3

示例3

Suppose we have inserted two different matrices of 2 rows and 3 columns. Then we will
perform matrix multiplication and print the result. Let the matrix be:
First Matrix:
2 3 5
9 8 7
Second Matrix:
6 4 8
9 5 4
Matrix after Multiplication:
12 12 40
81 40 28

語法

為了計算矩陣的加法、減法和乘法，我們使用for迴圈和一些基本邏輯。

以下是“for迴圈”的語法：

for (statement 1; statement 2; statement 3) {
   // code block to be executed
}

演算法

步驟1 - 提示使用者輸入兩個矩陣。

步驟2 - 顯示選單。

步驟3 - 提示使用者輸入他們的選擇。

步驟4 - 使用switch case跳轉到選擇並執行操作。

步驟5 - 列印結果。

讓我們來看程式來更清晰地理解它。

示例

import java.util.*;
public class Main{
   public static void main(String args[]){
      Scanner s = new Scanner( System.in );
      int p, q, m, n;
      System.out.print("Enter number of rows in first matrix: ");
      p = s.nextInt();
      System.out.print("Enter number of columns in first matrix: ");
      q = s.nextInt();
      System.out.print("Enter number of rows in second matrix: ");
      m = s.nextInt();
      System.out.print("Enter number of columns in second matrix: ");
      n = s.nextInt();

      int a[][] = new int[p][q];
      int b[][] = new int[m][n];
      int c[][] = new int[m][n];
      System.out.println("Enter all the elements of first matrix:");
      for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < q; j++) {
            a[i][j] = s.nextInt();
         }
      }
      System.out.println("Enter all the elements of second matrix:");
      for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            b[i][j] = s.nextInt();
         }
      }
      System.out.println("First Matrix:");
      for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < q; j++) {
            System.out.print(a[i][j]+" ");
         }
         System.out.println("");
      }
      System.out.println("Second Matrix:");
      for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            System.out.print(b[i][j]+" ");
         }
         System.out.println("");
      }

      mainLoop: while (true) {
         System.out.println("\n***Menu***");
         System.out.println("1. Matrix Addition");
         System.out.println("2. Matrix Subtraction");
         System.out.println("3. Matrix Multiplication");
         System.out.println("4. Terminate the program");
         System.out.println("Enter action number (1-4): ");
         int command;
         if ( s.hasNextInt() ) {
            command = s.nextInt();
            s.nextLine();
         }
         else {
            System.out.println("\nILLEGAL RESPONSE. YOU MUST ENTER A NUMBER.");
            s.nextLine();
            continue;
         }
         switch(command) {
            case 1:
            if (p == m &&& q == n){
               for (int i = 0; i < p; i++)
               for (int j = 0; j <n; j++) {
                  for (int k = 0; k < q; k++) {
                     c[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
                  }
               }
            }
            System.out.println("Matrix after addition:");
            for (int i = 0; i <p; i++){
               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                  System.out.print(c[i][j]+" ");
               }
               System.out.println("");
            }
         }
         else{
            System.out.println("Addition would not be possible");
         }
         break;
         case 2:
         if (p == m && q == n){
            for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                  for (int k = 0; k < q; k++) {
                     c[i][j] = a[i][j] - b[i][j];
                  }
               }
            }
            System.out.println("Matrix after Subtraction:");
            for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                  System.out.print(c[i][j]+" ");
               }
               System.out.println("");
            }
         }
         else{
            System.out.println("Subtraction would not be possible");
         }
         break;
         case 3:
         if (p == m && q == n){
            for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                  for (int k = 0; k < q; k++) {
                     c[i][j] = a[i][j] * b[i][j];
                  }
               }
            }
            System.out.println("Matrix after Multiplication:");
            for (int i = 0; i < p; i++){
               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                  System.out.print(c[i][j]+" ");
               }
               System.out.println("");
            }
         }
         else{
            System.out.println("Multiplication would not be possible");
         }
         break;
         case 4:
         System.out.println("Program terminated");
         break mainLoop;
         default: System.out.println("Wrong choice!!");
      }
   
   }
}

輸出

Enter number of rows in first matrix: 2
Enter number of columns in first matrix: 2
Enter number of rows in second matrix: 2
Enter number of columns in second matrix: 2
Enter all the elements of first matrix:
1 2 3 4
Enter all the elements of second matrix:
5 6 7 8
First Matrix:
1 2
3 4
Second Matrix:
5 6
7 8

***Menu***
1. Matrix Addition
2. Matrix Subtraction
3. Matrix Multiplication
4. Terminate the program
Enter action number (1-4):
1
Matrix after addition:
6 8
10 12

***Menu***
1. Matrix Addition
2. Matrix Subtraction
3. Matrix Multiplication
4. Terminate the program
Enter action number (1-4):
2
Matrix after Subtraction
:
-4
-4
-4
-4

***Menu***
1. Matrix Addition
2. Matrix Subtraction
3. Matrix Multiplication
4. Terminate the program
Enter action number (1-4):
3
Matrix after Multiplication:
5 12
21 32

***Menu***
1. Matrix Addition
2. Matrix Subtraction
3. Matrix Multiplication
4. Terminate the program
Enter action number (1-4):
4
Program terminated

在本文中，我們探討了如何使用選單驅動的方法在Java中執行矩陣運算。

更新於：2022年12月27日

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