如何使用 Surefire 和 TestNG 執行單個測試類或測試組?
Maven 是一個專案管理和理解工具,它提供了一個完整的構建生命週期框架。使用者幾乎可以立即自動化專案的構建基礎設施,因為 Maven 使用標準的目錄佈局和預設的構建生命週期。
總而言之,Maven 簡化並標準化了專案構建過程。它可以無縫地處理編譯、分發、文件、團隊協作和其他任務。Maven 提高了可重用性,並處理了大多數與構建相關的任務。
TestNG 是一個測試框架,可以使用 Maven 作為構建工具。它有助於在一個地方(pom.xml)維護依賴項及其版本。
使用者可以使用 surefire 外掛在 Maven 中執行單個類或單個測試組。當用戶使用命令列時,甚至不需要 testng.xml 來執行一個類或組。
在本文中,我們將瞭解如何透過 surefire 執行單個 TestNG 類或測試組。
解決此問題的方法/演算法
步驟 1:建立一個 TestNG 類 - NewTestngClass
步驟 2:在類中編寫 2 個 @Test 方法,並指定組名。
步驟 3:現在建立如下所示的 testNG.xml。
步驟 4:不要在 pom.xml 中新增 testng.xml 的路徑,如下所示。
步驟 5:不要在 pom.xml 中的 suiteXMLFiles 後新增應執行的組名,如程式部分所示。
步驟 6:現在,使用命令列執行它。
示例
以下程式碼演示如何僅從大型套件中執行 1 個測試方法
src/ NewTestngClass.java
import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class NewTestngClass { @Test(groups = { "group1", "group3" }) public void testCase1() { System.out.println("in test case 1 of NewTestngClass"); } @Test(groups = { "group2", "group3" }) public void testCase1() { System.out.println("in test case 2 of NewTestngClass"); } }
pom.xml
這是一個 Maven 配置檔案,用於組織依賴項、外掛和執行 TestNG 測試用例。
當只需要執行有限的測試而不是完整的套件時,它非常方便。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.sample</groupId> <artifactId>TestNGProjectct</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.0-M5</version> <configuration> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng<artifactId> <version>7.3.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
執行單個類的命令
mvn test -Dtest=NewTestngClass
輸出
[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ---------------------< com.sample:TestNGProjectct >--------------------- [INFO] Building TestNGProjectct 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]--------------------------------- [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ TestNGProjectct --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ TestNGProjectct --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\anandas\IdeaProjects\TestNGProjectct\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M5:test (default-test) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] No tests to run. [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] T E S T S [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Running TestSuite ... ... TestNG 7.3.0 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com) ... in test case 1 of NewTestngClass in test case 2 of NewTestngClass [INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.461 s - in TestSuite [INFO] [INFO] Results: [INFO] [INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.838 s [INFO] Finished at: 2022-02-08T16:07:17+05:30 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
執行單個組的命令
注意 - 在執行特定測試組之前,請在 pom.xml 中新增 testng.xml 路徑。
mvn test -Dgroups=group2
輸出
[INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ---------------------< com.sample:TestNGProjectct >--------------------- [INFO] Building TestNGProjectct 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]--------------------------------- [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ TestNGProjectct --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ TestNGProjectct --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\anandas\IdeaProjects\TestNGProjectct\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M5:test (default-test) @ TestNGProjectct --- [INFO] No tests to run. [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] T E S T S [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Running TestSuite ... ... TestNG 7.3.0 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com) ... in test case 2 of NewTestngClass [INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.461 s - in TestSuite [INFO] [INFO] Results: [INFO] [INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.838 s [INFO] Finished at: 2022-02-08T16:07:17+05:30 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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