如何在 Golang 中使用遞迴查詢兩個給定數字的最大公約數 (GCD)?


在本教程中,我們將瞭解如何使用 Golang 語言和遞迴來查詢兩個數字的最大公約數。我們將看到兩種使用遞迴查詢兩個數字 GCD 的方法。第一種方法需要更多時間,我們透過將兩個數字中的較小者減 1,然後檢查這兩個數字是否都可被該最小數整除。第二種方法需要更少的時間,我們透過將較大的數字減去較小的數字,直到兩個數字相等。

演算法

  • 步驟 1 - 宣告變數來儲存兩個數字和答案。

  • 步驟 2 - 初始化變數。

  • 步驟 3 - 呼叫函式以使用將減少每次函式呼叫的最小數字查詢 GCD,對兩個數字進行取模運算,並在模為零時返回。

  • 步驟 4 - 列印結果。

方法 1:使用遞迴函式的非高效方法。

在此示例中,我們透過將兩個數字中的較小者減 1,然後檢查這兩個數字是否都可被該最小數整除。

示例

package main

// fmt package provides the function to print anything
import (
   "fmt"
)

// this function finds the GCD of two numbers with three parameters
// of int type and have a return type of int type
func gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2, minNumber int) int {

   // checking if the number minNumber can be divided by both number1, and number2
   if minNumber == 1 || (number1%minNumber == 0 && number2%minNumber == 0) {
      return minNumber
   }
   
   // returning the GCD
   return gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2, minNumber-1)
}
func main() {

   // declaring the variable to store the value of two numbers
   // and a variable to store an answer
   var number1, number2, answer, minNumber int
   
   // initializing both the variables
   number1 = 20
   number2 = 15
   fmt.Println("Program to find the GCD of two numbers using the recursion function.")
   if number1 < number2 {
      minNumber = number1
   } else {
      minNumber = number2
   }
   
   // calling a function to find the GCD of two number
   // and passing a minimum of number1 and number2
   answer = gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2, minNumber)
   
   // printing the result
   fmt.Println("The GCD of", number1, "and", number2, "is", answer)
}

輸出

Program to find the GCD of two numbers using the recursion function.
The GCD of 20 and 15 is 5

方法 2:使用遞迴函式的高效方法

在此示例中,我們將透過將較大的數字減去較小的數字,直到兩個數字相等,從而節省時間。

示例

package main

// fmt package provides the function to print anything
import (
   "fmt"
)

// this function finds the GCD of two numbers with two parameters
// of int type and have a return type of int type
func gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2 int) int {

   // returning if both the numbers become equal
   if number1 == number2 {
      return number1
   }
   
   // reducing the lesser one with the greater one
   if number1 > number2 {
      number1 -= number2
   } else {
      number2 -= number1
   }
   
   // calling the function
   return gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2)
}
func main() {

   // declaring the variable to store the value of two numbers
   // and a variable to store an answer
   var number1, number2, answer int
   
   // initializing both the variables
   number1 = 20
   number2 = 15
   fmt.Println("Program to find the GCD of two numbers in efficient way using the recursion function.")
   
   // calling a function to find the GCD of two number
   answer = gcdOfTwoNumbers(number1, number2)
   
   // printing the result
   fmt.Println("The GCD of", number1, "and", number2, "is", answer)
}

輸出

Program to find the GCD of two numbers in an efficient way using the recursion function.
The GCD of 20 and 15 is 5

結論

這些是使用遞迴查詢兩個數字 GCD 的不同方法。第二種方法比第一種方法更有效。要了解更多關於 go 的資訊,您可以瀏覽這些教程。

更新於: 2023年1月11日

264 次瀏覽

開啟你的 職業生涯

透過完成課程獲得認證

立即開始
廣告

© . All rights reserved.