如何在 JavaScript 中找到多重集的所有劃分,其中每個部分的元素都不同
假設我們有這樣一個數組:
const arr = [A, A, B, B, C, C, D, E];
我們需要建立一個演算法,找到所有加起來等於整個陣列的組合,並且組合中沒有重複的元素。
示例組合:
[A, B, C, D, E] [A, B, C] [A, B, C, D] [A, B, C, E] [A, B, C] [A, B, C] [D, E]
解釋
[A, B, C] [A, B, C] [D, E] 和 [A, B, C] [D, E] [A, B, C] 是相同的組合。子集的順序也不重要。
例如:[A,B,C] 和 [B,A,C] 應該被認為是相同的。
示例
程式碼如下:
const arr = [['A', 1], ['B', 2], ['C', 3]]; const spread = (arr, ind, combination) => { if (arr[1] === 0) return [combination]; if (ind === −1) return [combination.concat([arr])]; let result = []; for (let c=1; c<=Math.min(combination[ind][1], arr[1]); c++){ let comb = combination.map(x => x.slice()); if (c == comb[ind][1]){ comb[ind][0] += arr[0]; } else { comb[ind][1] −= c; comb.push([comb[ind][0] + arr[0], c]); } result = result.concat(spread([arr[0], arr[1] − c], ind − 1, comb)); } let comb = combination.map(x => x.slice()); return result.concat(spread(arr, ind − 1, comb)); }; const helper = arr => { function inner(ind){ if (ind === 0) return [[arr[0]]]; const combs = inner(ind − 1); let result = []; for (let comb of combs) result = result.concat( spread(arr[ind], comb.length − 1, comb)); return result; } return inner(arr.length − 1); }; const returnPattern = (arr = []) => { const rs = helper(arr); const set = new Set(); for (let r of rs){ const _r = JSON.stringify(r); if (set.has(_r)) console.log('Duplicate: ' + _r); set.add(_r); } let str = ''; for (let r of set) str += '
' + r str += '
'; return str; }; console.log(returnPattern(arr));
輸出
控制檯輸出:
[["ABC",1],["BC",1],["C",1]] [["AB",1],["BC",1],["C",2]] [["ABC",1],["B",1],["C",2]] [["AB",1],["B",1],["C",3]] [["AC",1],["B",1],["BC",1],["C",1]] [["A",1],["B",1],["BC",1],["C",2]] [["AC",1],["BC",2]] [["A",1],["BC",2],["C",1]] [["AC",1],["B",2],["C",2]] [["A",1],["B",2],["C",3]]
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