如何使用CSS和JavaScript建立響應式幻燈片畫廊?
在本文中,我們將藉助JavaScript和CSS建立一個響應式幻燈片畫廊。
響應式幻燈片將顯示一系列帶有文字的圖片和兩個箭頭按鈕,您可以使用它們瀏覽圖片。**響應式幻燈片畫廊**或**響應式圖片滑塊畫廊**與響應式圖片幻燈片相同。它是一系列您可以瀏覽的圖片。但它不是使用箭頭標記,而是提供圖片縮圖,在頁面底部以小檢視顯示幻燈片中圖片的預覽。
使用它,您可以更輕鬆地瀏覽圖片,您可以使用縮圖從提供的圖片集中選擇隨機圖片。
以下是建立響應式幻燈片畫廊的步驟。在這個例子中,我們正在建立一個顯示“**響應式幻燈片畫廊**”的網頁。
Example.html
建立一個**HTML**檔案,我們將在其中定義頁面的結構(檢視)。在這個例子中,我們使用HTML程式碼建立當前頁面,其中包含所需的圖片和響應式幻燈片畫廊。
<body>
<h3 style="text-align: center">Slideshow Gallery</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">1 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/1537979/pexels-photo-1537979.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">2 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/59512/pexels-photo-59512.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">3 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/2658459/pexels-photo-2658459.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">4 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/24821/pexels-photo-24821.jpg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">5 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/5689662/pexels-photo-5689662.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">6 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/9918913/pexels-photo-9918913.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">❮</a>
<a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">❯</a>
<div class="caption-container">
<p id="caption"></p>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/1537979/pexels-photo-1537979.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(1)" alt="One" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/59512/pexels-photo-59512.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(2)" alt="Two" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/2658459/pexels-photo-2658459.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(3)" alt="Three" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/24821/pexels-photo-24821.jpg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(4)" alt="Four" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/5689662/pexels-photo-5689662.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(5)" alt="Five" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/9918913/pexels-photo-9918913.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(6)" alt="Six" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
Example.css
新增**CSS樣式**以設定大小和效果。在這個例子中,我們正在為幻燈片設定樣式,並在我們懸停在圖片上時新增懸停效果,使其更清晰。
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
img {
vertical-align: middle;
height: 400px;
}
/* Position the image container */
.container {
position: relative;
}
/* Hide the images by default */
.imgSlides {
display: none;
}
.cursor {
cursor: pointer;
}
/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev,
.next {
cursor: pointer;
position: absolute;
top: 35%;
width: auto;
padding: 16px;
margin-top: -50px;
color: white;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
user-select: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
}
/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
right: 0;
border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}
/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover,
.next:hover {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}
/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
color: #f2f2f2;
font-size: 12px;
padding: 8px 12px;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
/* Container for image text */
.caption-container {
text-align: center;
background-color: #222;
padding: 2px 16px;
color: white;
}
.row:after {
content: "";
display: table;
clear: both;
}
.row img {
height: 130px;
}
/* Six columns side by side */
.column {
float: left;
width: 16.66%;
}
/* Add a transparency effect for thumnbail images */
.demo {
opacity: 0.6;
}
.active,
.demo:hover {
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
Example.js
使用**JavaScript**,我們可以執行驗證並在頁面上處理事件。在這個例子中,我們建立了帶有兩個按鈕**上一個**和**下一個**的響應式幻燈片畫廊。
並將圖片的長度傳遞到JavaScript陣列中,以便迭代從第一個到最後一個圖片連結,或者如果我們點選了圖片,它將以全檢視顯示。
<script>
let slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);
function plusSlides(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex += n));
}
function currentSlide(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex = n));
}
function showSlides(n) {
let i;
let slides = document.getElementsByClassName("imgSlides");
let dots = document.getElementsByClassName("demo");
let captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
if (n > slides.length) {
slideIndex = 1;
}
if (n < 1) {
slideIndex = slides.length;
}
for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
slides[i].style.display = "none";
}
for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
}
slides[slideIndex - 1].style.display = "block";
dots[slideIndex - 1].className += " active";
captionText.innerHTML = dots[slideIndex - 1].alt;
}
</script>
完整示例
以下是使用CSS、HTML、JavaScript和媒體查詢建立響應式幻燈片畫廊的完整示例。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
img {
vertical-align: middle;
height: 400px;
}
/* Position the image container */
.container {
position: relative;
}
/* Hide the images by default */
.imgSlides {
display: none;
}
.cursor {
cursor: pointer;
}
/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev,
.next {
cursor: pointer;
position: absolute;
top: 35%;
width: auto;
padding: 16px;
margin-top: -50px;
color: white;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
user-select: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
}
/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
right: 0;
border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}
/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover,
.next:hover {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}
/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
color: #f2f2f2;
font-size: 12px;
padding: 8px 12px;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
/* Container for image text */
.caption-container {
text-align: center;
background-color: #222;
padding: 2px 16px;
color: white;
}
.row:after {
content: "";
display: table;
clear: both;
}
.row img {
height: 130px;
}
/* Six columns side by side */
.column {
float: left;
width: 16.66%;
}
/* Add a transparency effect for thumnbail images */
.demo {
opacity: 0.6;
}
.active,
.demo:hover {
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
<body>
<h3 style="text-align: center">Slideshow Gallery</h3>
<div class="container">
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">1 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/1537979/pexels-photo-1537979.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">2 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/59512/pexels-photo-59512.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">3 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/2658459/pexels-photo-2658459.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">4 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/24821/pexels-photo-24821.jpg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">5 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/5689662/pexels-photo-5689662.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<div class="imgSlides">
<div class="numbertext">6 / 6</div>
<img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/9918913/pexels-photo-9918913.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" />
</div>
<a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">❮</a>
<a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">❯</a>
<div class="caption-container">
<p id="caption"></p>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/1537979/pexels-photo-1537979.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(1)" alt="One" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/59512/pexels-photo-59512.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(2)" alt="Two" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/2658459/pexels-photo-2658459.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(3)" alt="Three" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/24821/pexels-photo-24821.jpg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(4)" alt="Four" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/5689662/pexels-photo-5689662.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(5)" alt="Five" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/9918913/pexels-photo-9918913.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&w=1260&h=750&dpr=1" style="width: 100%" onclick="currentSlide(6)" alt="Six" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
let slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);
function plusSlides(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex += n));
}
function currentSlide(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex = n));
}
function showSlides(n) {
let i;
let slides = document.getElementsByClassName("imgSlides");
let dots = document.getElementsByClassName("demo");
let captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
if (n > slides.length) {
slideIndex = 1;
}
if (n < 1) {
slideIndex = slides.length;
}
for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
slides[i].style.display = "none";
}
for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
}
slides[slideIndex - 1].style.display = "block";
dots[slideIndex - 1].className += " active";
captionText.innerHTML = dots[slideIndex - 1].alt;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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