如何使用JDBC API為資料庫表中的列新增NOT NULL約束?
您可以使用ALTER TABLE命令為表的列新增非空約束。
語法
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name datatype NOT NULL;
假設我們有一個名為Dispatches的資料庫表,其中包含7列,分別是id、CustomerName、DispatchDate、DeliveryTime、Price和Location,其描述如下所示。
+--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ProductName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | CustomerName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | DispatchDate | date | YES | | NULL | | | DeliveryTime | time | YES | | NULL | | | Price | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Location | text | YES | | NULL | | | ID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
下面的JDBC程式建立與MySQL資料庫的連線,併為名為CustomerName的列新增NOT NULL約束。
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class NotNull_Constraint {
public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
//Registering the Driver
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
//Getting the connection
String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql:///mydatabase";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
System.out.println("Connection established......");
//Creating the Statement
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
//Query to alter the table
String query = "ALTER TABLE Sales MODIFY CustomerName varchar(255) NOT NULL";
//Executing the query
stmt.executeUpdate(query);
System.out.println("Constraint added......");
}
}輸出
Connection established...... Constraint added......
由於我們在名為id CustomerName的列上添加了NOT NULL約束,如果您使用describe命令獲取Sales表的描述,您可以在CustomerName的NULL列下看到NO值。
mysql> describe sales; +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ProductName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | CustomerName | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | DispatchDate | date | YES | | NULL | | | DeliveryTime | time | YES | | NULL | | | Price | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Location | text | YES | | NULL | | | ID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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