將新欄位新增到 MongoDB 集合中的每個文件?
若要將新欄位新增到 MongoDB 集合中的每個文件,可以使用 $set 運算子。語法如下
db.yourCollectionName.update({}, { $set: {"yourFieldName": yourValue} }, false, true);
為了解上述語法,我們使用一些文件建立一個集合。建立帶有文件的集合的查詢如下
>db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.insertOne({"StudentName":"John","StudentAddress":"US "}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906ae") } >db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.insertOne({"StudentName":"David","StudentAddress":"U K"}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906af") } >db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.insertOne({"StudentName":"Carol","StudentAddress":"U K"}); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b0") } >db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.insertOne({"StudentName":"Bob","StudentAddress":"US" }); { "acknowledged" : true, "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b1") }
藉助 find() 方法顯示集合中的所有文件。查詢如下
> db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.find().pretty();
以下是輸出
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906ae"), "StudentName" : "John", "StudentAddress" : "US" } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906af"), "StudentName" : "David", "StudentAddress" : "UK" } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b0"), "StudentName" : "Carol", "StudentAddress" : "UK" } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b1"), "StudentName" : "Bob", "StudentAddress" : "US" }
以下是對每個文件新增新欄位的查詢
> db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.update({}, { $set: {"StudentAge": 24} }, false, true); WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 4, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 4 })
上面,我們已經在每個文件中添加了一個新欄位 “StudentAge”:24。我們來檢視欄位 “StudentAge”:24 是否成功新增到每個文件。查詢如下
> db.addNewFieldToEveryDocument.find().pretty();
以下是輸出
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906ae"), "StudentName" : "John", "StudentAddress" : "US", "StudentAge" : 24 } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906af"), "StudentName" : "David", "StudentAddress" : "UK", "StudentAge" : 24 } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b0"), "StudentName" : "Carol", "StudentAddress" : "UK", "StudentAge" : 24 } { "_id" : ObjectId("5c6efc0b6fd07954a48906b1"), "StudentName" : "Bob", "StudentAddress" : "US", "StudentAge" : 24 }
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