‘FOR EACH ROW’在 MySQL 觸發器中是如何工作的?
實際上“FOR EACH ROW”表示針對每個匹配的行,無論是被更新還是被刪除。換句話說,我們可以說觸發器不適用於每一行,它只是說針對每個受影響的錶行執行觸發器主體。我們可以透過下面的示例來說明這一點 −
示例
在此示例中,我們建立了兩個表,Sample 和 Sample_rowaffected,如下所示 −
mysql> Create table Sample(id int, value varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec) mysql> Insert into Sample(id, value) values(100, 'same'),(101, 'Different'),(500, 'excellent'),(501, 'temporary'); Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.04 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> Select * from Sample; +------+-----------+ | id | value | +------+-----------+ | 100 | same | | 101 | Different | | 500 | excellent | | 501 | temporary | +------+-----------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Create table Sample_rowaffected(id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.53 sec) mysql> Select Count(*) as ‘Rows Affected’ from sample_rowaffected; +---------------+ | Rows Affected | +---------------+ | 0 | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.10 sec)
現在,我們將建立一個觸發器,在表“Sample”中刪除任何值之前觸發,如下所示 −
mysql> Delimiter // mysql> Create trigger trigger_before_delete_sample BEFORE DELETE on Sample -> FOR EACH ROW -> BEGIN -> SET @count = if (@count IS NULL, 1, (@count+1)); -> INSERT INTO sample_rowaffected values (@count); -> END ; -> // Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec) mysql> Delimiter ;
現在,下面的查詢將從表“Sample”中刪除一些值,並且刪除的行數將儲存在 @count 使用者變數中 −
mysql> Delete from Sample WHERE ID >=500; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.11 sec) mysql> Select @count; +--------+ | @count | +--------+ | 2 | +--------+ 1 row in set (0.03 sec)
藉助下面的查詢,我們可以檢查受刪除影響的行值,如下所示,這些行值插入到了 sample_rowaffected 表中 −
mysql> Select Count(*) as 'Rows Affected' from sample_rowaffected; +---------------+ | Rows Affected | +---------------+ | 2 | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> Select * from Sample; +------+-----------+ | id | value | +------+-----------+ | 100 | same | | 101 | Different | +------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
藉助上面的示例,我們清楚地知道“FOR EACH ROW”表示針對每個匹配的行,無論是被更新還是被刪除。
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